Culture

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| ˈkʌltʃə |

Definition

• noun [mass noun]
  • the arts and other manifestations of human intellectual achievement regarded collectively
    • a refined understanding or appreciation of such
  • [also count noun] the ideas, customs, and social behavior of a particular people or society
    • [with modifier] the attitudes and behavior characteristic of a particular social group
  • (in biology) the cultivation of bacteria, tissue cells, etc. in an artificial medium containing nutrients
    • [count noun] a preparation of cells obtained this way
  • the cultivation of plants
• verb [with obj.] (in biology)
  • to main bacteria, tissue cells, etc. in conditions suitable for growth

Etymology

Middle English (denoting a cultivated piece of land): the noun from French culture or directly from Latin cultura (“growing”, “cultivation”), the verb from obsolete French culturer or medieval Latin culturare, both based on Latin colere (“to tend”, “to cultivate”).

In late Middle English, the sense was “cultivation of the soil” and from this arose “cultivation of the mind, faculties, or manners”) (late 16th century). The first definition dates from the early 19th century.

In Other Languages

• Bahasa Indonesia: kebudayaan
• بهاس ملايو:
  • كبودايان (kebudayaan)
• Cebuano: kultura
• Deutsch:
  • die Kultur (civilization)
  • die Züchtung (breeding)
• Español:
  • la cultura (civilization)
  • el cultivo (breeding)
• Filipino:
  • kalinangan (civilization)
  • paglilinang (breeding)
• Français: la culture
• 한국어:
  • 문화 (munhwa) (civilization)
  • 재배 (jaebae) (breeding)
• Italiano:
  • la cultura (civilization)
  • le coltivazione (breeding)
• ភាសាខ្មែរ: វប្បធម៌រ (vobbathmr)
• Latino:
  • cultus (noun)
  • procudo, recolo (verb)
• မြန်မာဘာသာ: ယဉ်ကျေးမှု
• 日本語:
  • 文化 (ぶんか), 文明 (ぶんめい) (civilization)
  • 培養 (ばいよう), 養殖 (ようしょく) (breeding)
• ພາສາລາວ: ວັດທະນະທໍາ (vadthanathoa)
• ภาษาไทย:
  • วัฒนธรรม (wạtʹhnṭhrrm) (civilization)
  • การเพาะปลูก (kār pheāa plūk) (breeding)
• தமிழ்: கலாச்சாரம் (kalāccāram)
• Tiếng Việt:
  • văn hóa (civilization)
  • cày cấy (breeding)
• 中文:
  • 文化 (wénhuà) (civilization)
  • 培養 / 培养 (péiyǎng) (breeding)